Medical Dosage Calculations: A Dimensional Analysis Approach [Paperback]

Description: For courses in medical dosage calculation in departments of nursing, pharmacy, pre-med, pre-dental, and other health disciplines; and for courses covering dosage calculation in other programs, such as pharmacology, pediatrics and critical care. The complete and user-friendly guide to safe drug dosage calculation Fully revised for current practices and medication, Medical Dosage Calculations remains the field's most complete, user-friendly and accessible drug calculation text and workbook. Using the dimensional analysis format it pioneered, students begin with simple arithmetic, progressing to the most complex drug calculations. As they develop mathematical skills for accurate dosage calculations, they also gain a thorough professional understanding of safe drug administration. Compared with competitors, our text contains deeper, more realistic problems, incorporating actual dosages and requiring real critical thinking. About our authors June Looby Olsen began her nursing career in Burlington, Vermont, at Bishop De Goesbriand Memorial Hospital, where she graduated from its nursing program. She obtained her BS and MS degrees in nursing from St. Johns University, New York. She was a staff nurse, as well as a nurse supervisor, and became head nurse at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Brooklyn, New York. Her teaching career began at Staten Island Community College, and she retired as full professor emeritus from the College of Staten Island of the City University of New York. In addition to this textbook, Professor Olsen has written and , both published by Springhouse. She was a recipient of the Mu Epsilon Leadership in Nursing award. Anthony Giangrasso was born and raised in Maspeth, New York. He attended Rice High School on a scholarship and in his senior year was named in an annual citywide contest by the New York Journal-American newspaper as New York City's most outstanding high school scholar-athlete. He was also awarded a full-tuition scholarship to Iona College, from which he obtained a BA in mathematics, magna cum laude, with a ranking of sixth in his graduating class. Anthony began his teaching career as a 5th grade teacher in Manhattan, as a member of the Christian Brothers of Ireland, and taught high school mathematics and physics in Harlem and Newark, New Jersey. He holds an MS and PhD from New York University and has taught at all levels from elementary school through graduate school. He is currently teaching at Adelphi University and LaGuardia Community College, where he was chairman of the mathematics department. He has authored nine college textbooks through 25 editions. Anthonys community service has included membership on the boards of directors of the Polish-American Museum Foundation, Catholic Adoptive Parents Association, and Family Focus Adoptive Services. He was the president of the Italian-American Faculty Association of the City University of New York and the founding chairman of the board of the Italian-American Legal Defense and Higher Education Fund, Inc. He and his wife, Susan, are proud parents of three children-Anthony, Michael and Jennifer, and grandparents of Calvin and Jackson. Anthony enjoys tennis and twice has been ranked #1 for his age group in the Eastern Section by the United States Tennis Association. Dolores M. Shrimpton is Professor Emerita of Nursing at Kingsborough Community College (CUNY), where she was Chair of the department for 13 years. She received a diploma in nursing from Kings Country Hospital Center School of Nursing, a BS from C.W. Post College, an MA in nursing administration from New York University, and a post-masters certificate in nursing education from Adelphi University. She is a member of the Upsilon and Mu Upilson s of Sigma Theta Tau. She has taught a wide variety of courses in practical nursing, diploma, and associate degree nursing programs. She has authored three college nursing books through seven editions. Dolores has held many leadership positions in nursing, including Board Member, Vice-President, and President of the NYS Associate Degree Nursing Council. She was the Co-Chair of the CUNY Nursing Discipline Council, and Member of the Board of Directors and Co-President of the Brooklyn Nursing Partnership. She has served on a number of Advisory Boards of LPN, associate degree, and baccalaureate degree nursing programs. She is a recipient of the Presidential Award in Nursing Leadership from the Nurses Association of Long Island (NACLI) as well as of the Mu Upsilon award for Excellence in Nursing Education and Excellence in Nursing Leadership. The Brooklyn Nursing Partnership has also recognized her for her commitment to nursing. Dolores lives in Brooklyn, New York, and enjoys cooking and spending time with her grandchildren, Brooke Elizabeth, Paige Dolores, Jack Paul, and their parents, Kim and Shawn. She also enjoys traveling and spending time with friends and family in Harwich Port, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Unit 1: Basic Calculation Skills and Introduction to Medication Administration 1. Review of Arithmetic for Dosage Calculations Diagnostic Test of Arithmetic Changing Decimal Numbers and Whole Numbers to Fractions Calculator Ratios Changing Fractions to Decimal Numbers Rounding Decimal Numbers Rounding Off Rounding Down and Rounding Up Adding Decimal Numbers Subtracting Decimal Numbers Multiplying Decimal Numbers Dividing Decimal Numbers Estimating Answers Multiplying Fractions Dividing Fractions Complex Fractions Addition and Subtraction of Fractions Same Denominators Different Denominators Percentages Percent of Change Summary Practice Sets 2. Safe and Accurate Medication Administration The Medication Administration Process Preventing Medication Errors Six Rights of Medication Administration The Right Drug The Right Dose The Right Route and Form The Right Time The Right Patient The Right Documentation Drug Prescriptions Medication Orders Types of Medication Orders Components of a Medication Order Medication Administration Records Technology in the Medication Administration Process Drug Labels Combination Drugs Controlled Substances Drug Information Prescription Drug Package Inserts Over-the-Counter (OTC) Labels Summary Practice Sets 3. Dimensional Analysis Introduction to Dimensional Analysis The Mathematical Foundation for Dimensional Analysis Changing a Single Unit of Measurement to Another Single Unit of Measurement Simple (One-Step) Problems with Single Units of Measurement Complex (Multi-Step) Problems with Single Units of Measurement Changing One Rate to Another Rate Simple (One-Step) Problems with Rates Complex (Multi-Step) Problems with Rates Summary Practice Sets Unit 2: Systems of Measurement 4. The Household and Metric Systems The Household System Liquid Volume in the Household System Weight in the Household System Length in the Household System Decimal-Based Systems The Metric System Liquid Volume in the Metric System Weight in the Metric System Length in the Metric System Summary Practice Sets 5. Converting from One System of Measurement to Another Equivalents of Common Units of Measurement Metric-Household Conversions Volume Conversions Weight Conversions Length Conversions Summary Practice Sets Unit 3: Oral and Parenteral Medications 6. Oral Medications Simple (One-Step) Problems Medication in Solid Form Medication in Liquid Form Medications Measured in Milliequivalents Complex (Multi-Step) Problems Dosages Based on the Size of the Patient Dosages Based on Body Weight Dosages Based on Body Surface Area (BSA) BSA Formulas Summary Case Study 6.1 Practice Reading Labels Practice Sets 7. Syringes Parts of a Syringe Needles Commonly Used Sizes of Hypodermic Syringes Insulin Insulin Syringes Types of Insulin Insulin Pens Insulin Pumps Measuring Two Types of Insulin in One Syringe Premixed Insulin Insulin Coverage/Sliding-Scale Calculations Prefilled Syringes Safety Syringes Needleless Syringes Dosing Errors with Syringes Summary Case Study 7.1 Practice Sets 8. Solutions Introduction Strengths of Solutions Using Explicit Units of Measurement Strengths of Solutions as Ratios, Fractions, and Percents Liquid Solutes Dry Solutes Determining the Amount of Solute in a Given Amount of Solution Determining the Amount of Solution that Contains a Given Amount of Solute Irrigating Solutions, Soaks, and Oral Feedings Summary Case Study 8.1 Practice Sets 9. Parenteral Medications Parenteral Medications Parenteral Medications Supplied as Liquids Parenteral Medications Supplied in Powdered Form How to Use a Mix-O-Vial Heparin Summary Case Study 9.1 Practice Sets Unit 4: Infusions and Pediatric Dosages 10. Flow Rates and Durations of Enteral and Intravenous Infusions Introduction to Enteral and Intravenous Solutions Enteral Feedings Intravenous Infusions Intravenous Solutions Gravity Systems and Pumps Calculations for Infusions Finding the Flow Rate on a Pump Finding the Volume Infused Using a Pump Finding the Duration of an Infusion Using a Pump Finding the Flow Rate (Drip Rate) Using a Gravity System Finding the Volume Infused Using a Gravity System Finding the Duration of an IV Using a Gravity System Adjusting the Flow Rate of an IV Fluid Balance: Intake/Output Summary Case Study 10.1 Practice Sets 11. Flow Rates and Dosage Rates for Intravenous Medications Intravenous Administration of Medications Intravenous Piggyback Infusions Finding the Dosage Rate Converting IV Dosage Rates to Flow Rates Converting IV Flow Rates to Dosage Rates Safe Dose Range Determining Infused Volume and Duration of Infusion IV Push Compound Rates Adding Medication to an IVPB Bag Titrated Medications Summary Case Study 11.1 Practice Sets 12. Pediatric Dosages Pediatric Drug Dosages Oral Medications Parenteral Medications Dosages Based on Body Size Dosages Based on Body Weight Dosages Based on BSA Determining Safe Dosage Range Intravenous Medications Using a Volume-Control Chamber Calculating Daily Fluid Maintenance Summary Case Study 12.1 Practice Sets Comprehensive Self-Tests Appendices A. Answer Section B. FDA and ISMP Lists of Look-Alike Drug Names with Recommended Tall Man Letters C. Commonly Used Abbreviations D. Units of Measurement in Metric and Household Systems E. Celsius and Fahrenheit Temperature Conversions F. Diluting Stock Solutions G. Apothecary System

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